An airbrush is a small air-operated device that sprays a variety of media, most often painting but also ink and dye, and foundation by nebulization process. Spray painting is developed from an airbrush and is considered to be using an airbrush type.
Video Airbrush
Histori
The first airbrush, depending on the definition, was patented in 1876 (Patent Number 182.389) by Francis Edgar Stanley of Newton, Massachusetts. It works similarly to a diffuser/atomiser and has no continuous air supply. Stanley and his twin brother then created a process for continuing to coat a photography plate (Stanley Dry Plate Company) but perhaps best known as Stanley Steamer. There is no artistic image that uses this 'distributor of cat/atomiser' or is unknown.
The first instrument named "paint distributor" was developed by Abner Peeler "for watercolor painting and other artistic purposes" and used hand-operated compressors to supply continuous air. It's a bit rough, based on a number of spare parts in a jewelry workshop like an old screwdriver and a welding torch. It took 4 years for further development before the working prototype was developed by Liberty Walkup of Mt. Morris, Illinois. Walkup patented the work under the name "air-brush", a name taken by his wife Phoebe Walkup. So the official birth of the name 'Air Brush' can be traced to a stakeholder meeting of Air Brush Manufacturing Co. which was new at 7 pm on October 6, 1883, and the name was officially born. His wife will then become the founder of the Arts School of Illinois where airbrushing is taught to students from all over the world. In the same 4-storey building, Rockford Air-Brush will be established under Liberty Walkup. Walkups taught airbrush techniques to the American Impressionist Master, Wilson Irvine at Air Brush School in Rockford, Illinois. The first type of 'atomising' airbrush was invented by Charles Burdick in 1893 and presented by Thayer and Chandler art materials company at the World Columbian Exposition in Chicago. Burdick founded the Fountain Brush Company in the US, and launched the first airbrush series to market. The device is basically the same as a modern airbrush, resembling a pen and working in a different way than a Peeler device. Aerograph, Burdick's original company, still makes and sells airbrushes in the UK. Thayer and Chandler were acquired by Badger Air-Brush Co. in 2000. Badger Air-Brush continues the tradition of Thayer and Chandler to produce airbrush quality rifles, equipment and compressors from Franklin Park, Illinois.
Maps Airbrush
Design
An airbrush works by passing a rapidly moving (compressed) air flow through the venturi, which creates a reduction in local air pressure (suction) that allows the paint to be pulled from the interconnected reservoir at normal atmospheric pressure. High-speed air sprayed the paint into very small droplets as it darted through a very fine paint measuring component. Paint is brought to paper or other surface. The operator controls the amount of paint using a variable trigger that opens more or few very fine pointed needles which are the control elements of the paint-measuring component. A very fine degree of atomisation is what enables an artist to create a subtle mixing effect such as using an airbrush.
This technique allows the mixing of two or more colors smoothly, with one color slowly becoming another color. Images with airbrush, without the aid of stencils or friskets, have a floating quality, with smoothly defined edges between colors, and between foreground and background colors. Skilled airbrush artists can produce photographic realism paintings or can simulate virtually any painting medium. Painting at this skill level involves additional tools, such as masks and friskets, and careful planning.
Some airbrushes use pressures as low as 20 psi (1.38 bar) while others use pressure in the region of 30-35 psi (2-2.4 bar). Larger "spray guns" such as those used for car spray paint require 100 psi (6.8 bar) or more to spray thicker paints using fewer solvents. They are able to provide heavier layers faster in large areas. Even with small artist airbrushes using acrylic paint, artists should be careful not to inhale the atomized paint, which floats in the air for several minutes and can enter deep into the lungs. With commercial spray guns for cars, it is very important that painters have a source of clean air to breathe, because automotive paint is much more dangerous to the lungs than acrylic. A particular spray gun, called High-Pressed High Pressure Spray gun (HVLP), is designed to produce the same high volume of paint without the need for high pressure.
Type
Airbrushes are usually classified by three characteristics. The first characteristic is the action performed by the user to trigger the paint flow while the second is the mechanism to feed the paint into the airbrush and the third is the point where the paint and air mixture.
Trigger
The simplest airbrush works by a single action mechanism in which the trigger depression moves the airflow through the airbrush. The airbrush color stream and spray pattern are adjusted separately from the trigger action. This is done by adjusting the placement of an airbrush needle at the end of the paint, by rotating the end of the paint on an external mixed airbrush (Badger 350 or Paasche Model H is a good example of an external single action acting airbrush) or the switching of a dial regulatory needle on an internal mixed airbrush (Badger 200 or Iwata SAR is a good example of a single action internal airbrush mix). The color volume and spray pattern are maintained at a fixed level until the airbrush user adjusts the settings again. Single action airbrushes are easier to use and generally less expensive, but present limitations in applications where users want to do something more artistic than just applying a good and uniform color layer.
Double action or double action airbrush allows simultaneous adjustment of air and color on the trigger, by allowing the user to move the air by tapping the trigger and simultaneously adjusting the color. by sliding the trigger back and forth. This ability to adjust the flow of color when spraying the airbrush, coupled with adjusting the user's distance from the sprayed surface allows subtle variations to the width of the line without stopping to re-adjust the spray pattern as required with a single action airbrush. This allows for greater spray control and allows for a wider range of artistic effects. This type of airbrush requires a number of exercises to become proficient in triggering techniques and controls, but this offers greater artistic flexibility to the artists after the trigger technique is learned. Double action airbrush (Badger Patriot 105, Paasche VL, Iwata CM-C is a good example of dual action airbrush) is a more sophisticated design model than a single action airbrush, which tends to make it more expensive than both..
Feed system
Paints can be fed by gravity from a reservoir of paint that sits above an airbrush (called gravity feed ) or is sucked from a reservoir mounted below ( bottom bait) or beside (< i> side feed ). Each type of feed has unique advantages. Gravity feedback instruments require less air pressure for suction because gravity draws paint into the mixing chamber. Typically the instruments with the best mist atomization and detail requirements use this method because less air pressure allows for better paint flow control and less overspray. The side and bottom feeding instruments allow the artist to view from above, with the former occasionally offering the right-handed and right-handed option to match the artist. The lower feed airbrush usually has a larger paint capacity than any other type, and is often preferred for larger scale work such as automotive applications and T-shirt design.
Mix point
With the internal mixture airbrush paint and air mixture in the airbrush (at the end) create a smoother "paint" paint. With the external mix air and paint out of the airbrush before mixing with each other, which creates larger rough atomization patterns. The airbrush of the external mix is ​​cheaper and more suitable for covering larger areas with more viscous paint or varnish.
Spray gun
Airbrush leads to the development of a spray gun; similar devices, which typically provide higher paint volumes and to paint larger areas.
The first paint spraying machine was developed in 1887. Equipment by DeVilbiss and Binks is typical of modern spraygun.
The addition of a simple handrail gun adapter to aerosol paint sprays can create a cheaper alternative to a spray gun.
Technique
Airbrush technique is the free-hand manipulation of airbrush, medium pressure, air and distance from the sprayed surface to produce certain predictable results consistently with or without shielding or stencil. Airbrush technique will be different from the type of airbrush used (single-action or dual/double-action).
The double action airbrush technique involves pressing the trigger on the top of the airbrush with the index finger to release the air only, and pulling it back gradually to the paint release threshold. The most important procedural dynamic is to always start with air only and end with air only. By observing this rule, the correct paint volume control and line width and character can be achieved. The most important airbrush stroke that is consistently used by professionals is a dagger blow. It describes a stroke that starts wide and ends as a narrow line, created by starting with a brush away from support and moving it closer as the line is drawn.
The single action airbrush technique gets its name from the fact that only one action is required for the operation. The single act of suppressing the trigger releases the fixed paint ratio into the air. Achieving a different line width requires either changing the tip and nozzle combination or adjusting the spray volume manually between the spray width changes. The most important aspect of a proper airbrush technique is to keep the hand moving before the trigger is pressed and once the trigger is released. This avoids the "bar bell" line.
Use
Art and illustration
Since the commencement of airbrush technology, commercial artists and illustrators have realized that airbrush allows them to create excellent images and high realism levels. Artists often use airbrush in combination with stencils or freehand items to block the controlled flow of paint onto paper (or digital alternatives) with fantasy and science fiction artists. Airbrush images can be found today in ads, publishing (eg book cover), comic books, and graphic novels.
Retouch photos
Airbrushing has long been used to change photos in the pre-digital era. In skilled hands it can be used to help hide the signs that an image has been extensively retouched or "doctored".
In the 20th century of the Soviet Union, as a result of Stalin's cleansing and later destabilization, numerous photographs of officials from the period showed extensive air washing; often the whole human figure has been removed. The term "airbrushed out" means rewriting history to pretend that something was never there. In contemporary academic discourse, the process of removing components from an image is officially known as the deletion of an object.
The term "airbrushed" or "airbrushed photo" has also been used to describe glamorous photos in which model imperfections have been removed, or where their attributes have been enhanced. This term is often applied in a condescending way to describe images of unrealistic perfection of women and has been very common in reference to images in Playboy, and later Maxim.
Using today's digital imaging technology, such image editing is now usually done with a raster image editor, capable of working smoother in the hands of an expert artist. In a good retouching industry, airbrushing techniques are often regarded as low-end practices, with significant inferior quality found in the most important fashion photography publications.
Mural
Airbrush is also suitable for mural painting.
Hobbies
Airbrushes are generally used by model scale enthusiasts because the finer layers can be laid, as well as blurry effects, such as weathering, stain additions etc. The fine atomization of paints in modern airbrushes also makes it possible to accurately produce a soft-eyed soft-leaf camouflage scheme. , which is very difficult to do convincingly by brushing hands (the Luftwaffe plane is a great example for this).
Many radio-controlled model fans also use airbrush to create artwork on Lexan's body. Paint works range from basic one-color paint jobs to detailed artwork.
The airbrush makeup app
Although the earliest record of this type of cosmetic application comes from the 1959 film version, Ben-Hur, recently re-popularized by the advent of Hi-Definition Television and Digital Photography, where cameras look more detail than ever before.. Highly textured thin-film foundation liquids are applied with airbrush for full coverage without large product buildup. It's also a very popular technique for Special F/X Makeup as well as for the Funeral industry.
Alcohol-based media is best suited for waterproof make-up; this makeup lasts longer, stain resistant, rich and opaque in color. But alcohol-based foundations can be overly matte, and may cause excessive drying of the skin. They can also be contagious because of excessive itching or anxiety.
Water-based media, great for make-up clowns, that is, for artistic make-up or short-term skin, this is easy to apply, and easy to remove, with little damage to the skin, but water-based makeup does not last long, and loose easily, nevertheless with sweat.
Silicone Airbrush Foundation-based, S/B foundation, found in professional and premium retail airbrush brands, is primarily for bridal makeup, or mature skin. Silicone based foundations have the advantage of being a medium for high coverage.
Silicone based airbrush foundations have other advantages of imitating skin texture, as it does not provide a clear make-up marker, thus giving a more natural look to the model.
Silicone based airbrush foundations are relatively waterproof but not water-resistant, they do not dry out too much, and are relatively easy to apply and remove with a light Make-up Remover.
Temporary_airbrush_tattoos_ (TATs) "> Temporary airbrush tattoo (TAT)
Airbrush can also be used to apply temporary airbrush tattoos. An artist sprays the ink onto the skin through a stencil. Often, the resulting design reflects the look of a permanent tattoo, with no pain or discomfort. In the past, TAT might only last a week, but now, the best ink can last up to two weeks or longer.
Airbrush tanning
Airbrush is used to apply a special tanning solution as a form of sunless tanning that simulates the natural sun tan appearance. It is promoted as a safer and healthier alternative to the damaging effects of long-term exposure to the sun. This is often done by companies also offering other sun tanning alternatives like sun beds.
Nail art finger
Airbrush is also used to apply images to human and synthetic finger nails that are then affixed to the actual nail finger of a person.
Dress
Popular airbrushing t-shirts - many airbrush T-shirt shops offer to paint textiles that will hold paint, including jeans, denim jackets, leather clothes, pillowcases, and hoodies.
One of the famous airbrush clothing manufacturers is Marc Ecko, who used to use airbrush T-shirts when he started his clothing company.
Automotive
Airbrush is used to spray mural, graphics, and other artwork on cars, motorcycles, and helmets. This art form has been around since at least the fifties, but has recently seen an increase in popularity thanks to performances like Rides and
Street artist
Many street artists use airbrushing to create names and pictures for tourists, such as around Jackson Square in New Orleans. In the mid-1970s, Panama City Beach, Florida was the capital of the world's airbrush, with hundreds of artists painting special designs on T-shirts.
Security
When inhaled, fine dispersed paints and solvents can cause serious health hazards. Regulatory provisions such as those issued by the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration determine strict requirements to prevent unsafe use in the work environment.
See also
- Sprinkler - more details and apps on the sprayer
- Frederick William Lawrence - the earliest airbrush artist
- Syd Brak - contemporary airbrush artist
- H.R. Giger - a Swiss sculptor, airbrush, and sketch artist, famous for his work on the big screen movie, Alien and Species
- Airbrush Action Magazine - founded in 1985, the longest publication for watering and special culture
- Aerosol paint - a technique similar to a pressurized aerosol propellant in a can
References
External links
- Airbrush Museum - History, photos and patent diagrams
- Airbrush Manual Download - Tutorial Download and Airbrush PDF section
- Airbrush Gallery - Airbrush Gallery
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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