Handheld game console

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A game console is a small, portable video game console with built-in screen, game controls and speakers. The handheld gaming console is smaller than a home video games console and contains consoles, screens, speakers and controls in one unit, allowing people to take it and play it anytime or anywhere.

In 1976, Mattel introduced the first handheld electronic game with the release of Auto Racing . Later, several companies - including Coleco and Milton Bradley - make their own single-table game or single handheld electronic game. The oldest true gaming console with an interchangeable cartridge was Milton Bradley Microvision in 1979.

Nintendo is credited with popularizing the concept of a handheld console with the release of Game Boy in 1989 and in 2018 continues to dominate the handheld console market with Nintendo Switch.

Video Handheld game console

Histori

Origins

The origins of handheld gaming consoles are found in handheld electronic gaming devices and desks from the 1970s and early 1980s. These electronic devices can only play one game, they fit in the palm of the hand or on the table, and they can use various video displays such as LED, VFD, or LCD. In 1978, handheld electronic games were described by the Popular Electronics magazine as "nonvideo electronic games" and "non-TV games" different from devices requiring the use of a television screen. The handheld electronic game, in turn, finds its origins in the synthesis of previous handheld electro-mechanical handheld devices and tables such as Waco Tic-Tac-Toe Electronic (1972) Cragstan Periscope-Firing Range (1951), and the market of optoelectronic-display-driven calculators that emerged in the early 1970s. This synthesis occurred in 1976, when Mattel began working on a series of calculator-sized sports games that became the world's first handheld electronic game.The project began when Michael Katz, director of marketing for Mattel's new product category, told the engineers at the electronics group. to design a calculator size game, using LED technology (light-emitting diode). "

our great success is something I conceptualize - the first handheld game. I asked the design group to see if they could come up with an electronic game that was the same size as the calculator.

- Michael Katz, former director of marketing, Mattel Toys.

The result is the 1976 release of Auto Racing . Followed by Football then in 1977, the two games were so successful that Katz said, "This simple electronic game turned into a '$ 400 million category.'" Mattel then won the honor to be recognized. by industry for innovation in the display of handheld gaming devices. Soon, other manufacturers including Coleco, Parker Brothers, Milton Bradley, Entex, and Bandai started following up with their own desks and handheld electronic games.

In 1979 Microvision-based LCD, designed by Smith Engineering and distributed by Milton-Bradley, became the first handheld game console and the first to use interchangeable game cartridges. The Microvision Game Cosmic Hunter (1981) also introduced the concept of a directional pad on a handheld gaming device, and operated by using a thumb to manipulate characters on the screen in one of four directions.

In 1979, Gunpei Yokoi, traveling by bullet train, saw an entrepreneur tire of playing with the LCD calculator by pressing a button. Yokoi then thought of an idea for a wristwatch that was duplicated as a miniature game machine to kill time. Starting in 1980, Nintendo began releasing a series of electronic games designed by Yokoi called Game & amp; Watch the game. Taking advantage of the technology used in the emerging-sized credit card calculator that appears on the market, Yokoi designed a series of LCD-based games to include digital time display in the corner of the screen. For later, Game & amps are more complicated; Watch the game, Yokoi creates a cross-shaped pad or "D-pad" to control the characters on the screen. Yokoi also includes a directional pad on the NES controller, and the cross-thumb controller soon becomes the standard on game console controllers and everywhere in the video game industry. When Yokoi started designing Nintendo's first handheld gaming console, he came up with a device that married his Game element & amp; Watch Famicom devices and consoles, including both D-pad controllers. The result is the Nintendo Game Boy.

In 1982, Bandai LCD Solarpower was the first solar-powered gaming device. Some of the games, like the horror-themed Terror House game, feature two LCD panels, one stacked on the other, for the initial 3D effect. In 1983, Tomytronic 3D Tomytronic from Takara Tom simulates 3D by having two LCD panels illuminated by external light through a window at the top of the device, making it the first home-based video device dedicated to 3D hardware.

Beginning

The late 1980s and early 1990s saw the beginnings of the handheld game console industry as we know it, after the collapse of Microvision. As a backlit LCD game console with color graphics consumes a lot of power, they are battery-friendly like the original non-backlit Game Boy whose monochrome graphics allow for longer battery life. At this point, the rechargeable battery technology is immature and so the more sophisticated game consoles of the time like Sega Game Gear and Atari Lynx do not have nearly as successful as the Game Boy.

Although third-party rechargeable batteries are available for battery-hungry alternatives for the Game Boy, these batteries use a nickel-cadmium process and must be completely discharged before being recharged to ensure maximum efficiency; lead-acid batteries can be used with car circuit breakers (cigarette lighter devices); but the battery has mediocre portability. The later NiMH batteries, which did not use this requirement for maximum efficiency, were not released until the late 1990s, many years after the original Game Gear, Atari Lynx, and Game Boy were halted. During a time when superior handheld technology has strict technical limitations, batteries have a very low mAh rating because batteries with heavy power density are not yet available.

Modern game systems such as the Nintendo DS and PlayStation Portable have rechargeable Lithium-Ion batteries in an exclusive form. Other seventh generation consoles such as GP2X use standard alkaline batteries. Since the mAh ratings of alkaline batteries have increased since the 1990s, the power required for handhelds such as GP2X may be supplied by relatively few batteries.

Game Boy

Nintendo released the Game Boy on April 21, 1989 (September 1990 for UK). The design team led by Gunpei Yokoi is also responsible for Game & amp; The spectacle system, as well as the Nintendo Entertainment System Metroid and Kid Icarus games. Game Boy is under scrutiny by some industry critics, saying that monochrome screens are too small, and processing power is inadequate. The design team has felt that the initial low cost and battery economy are more important, and when compared to Microvision, Game Boy is a big leap forward.

Yokoi acknowledged that Game Boy needed a killer app - at least one game that would determine the console, and persuade customers to buy it. In June 1988, Minoru Arakawa, then-CEO of Nintendo of America saw a demonstration of the game Tetris at a trade show. Nintendo bought the rights to the game, and packed it with the Game Boy system. It was almost a direct blow. By the end of the year, more than one million units were sold in the US. On March 31, 2005, Game Boy and Game Boy Color combined to sell more than 118 million units worldwide.

Atari Lynx

In 1987, Epyx created the Handy Game; device that will turn into Atari Lynx in 1989. This is the first ever hand-made color console, as well as the first with a backlight display. It also has network support with up to 17 other players, and advanced hardware that allows zooming and sprite scaling. Lynx can also be played backwards to accommodate left-handed players. However, all these features come at a very high price point, which encourages consumers to look for cheaper alternatives. Lynx is also very heavy, uses batteries very quickly, and has no third party support enjoyed by its competitors. Because of its expensive price, short battery life, lack of production, lack of exciting games, and aggressive marketing campaigns from Nintendo, and although there was a redesign in 1991, Lynx became a commercial failure. Nevertheless, companies like Telegames help keep the system alive far beyond its commercial relevance, and when new owners Hasbro released the right to develop the public domain, independent developers like Songbird have successfully released new commercial games for the system every year until 2004 Winter Games .

TurboExpress

The TurboExpress is a portable version of TurboGrafx, released in 1990 for $ 249.99 (the price was raised to $ 299.99, immediately fell back to $ 249.99, and in 1992 it was $ 199.99). The Japanese equivalent is PC Engine GT.

It is the most sophisticated handheld of its time and can play all of the TurboGrafx-16 games (which are on small media, credit cards called HuCards). It has a 66 mm (2.6 inch) screen, the same as the original Game Boy, but in a much higher resolution, and can display 64 sprites at once, 16 per scanline, in 512 colors. Although the hardware can only handle 481 simultaneous colors. It has 8 kilobytes of RAM. Turbo runs HuC6820 CPU at 1.79 or 7.16 MHz.

The optional "TurboVision" TV tuner includes RCA audio/video input, which allows users to use TurboExpress as a video monitor. "TurboLink" allows game two players. Falcon , flight simulators, including head-to-head "dogfight" modes that can only be accessed through TurboLink. However, very few TG-16 games are offered co-op game modes specially designed with TurboExpress in mind.

Bitcorp Gamate

Bitcorp Gamate is one of the first handheld game systems created in response to the Nintendo Game Boy. It was released in Asia in 1990 and distributed worldwide in 1991.

Like Sega Game Gear, horizontal orientation and like Game Boy, requires 4 AA batteries. Unlike many Game Boy clones, its internal components are professionally assembled (no "glop-top" chips). Unfortunately the system's fatal flaw is its screen. Even by today's standards, the screen is a bit hard to use, suffering the same blur problem as a common complaint with the first generation of Game Boys. Perhaps because the sale of this fact is very bad, and Bitcorp closed in 1992. However, new games continue to be published for the Asian market, probably until the end of 1994. The total number of games released for the system is still unknown.

Interestingly, Gamate games are designed for stereo sound, but the console only comes with mono speakers. To appreciate the full voice palette, the user must plug into the phone's head jack. Doing so reveals very sophisticated music.

Sega Game Gear

Game Gear is the third color handheld console, after Lynx and TurboExpress; manufactured by Sega. Released in Japan in 1990 and in North America and Europe in 1991, it is based on the Master System, which gives Sega the ability to quickly create Game Gear games from its large game library for Master Systems. While never achieving the level of success enjoyed by Nintendo, Game Gear proved to be a fairly durable competitor, lasting longer than any other Game Boy competitor.

While Game Gear is most often seen in black or navy blue, it is also released in a variety of additional colors: red, light blue, yellow, clear, and purple. All these variations are released in small quantities and often only in Asian markets.

Following Sega's success with Game Gear, they began development on successors during the early 1990s, which were intended to feature a touch-screen interface, years before the Nintendo DS. However, such technology is very expensive at the time, and the handheld itself is estimated to have cost around $ 289 to be released. Sega finally chose to override the idea and instead released Genesis Nomad, the handheld version of Genesis, as his successor.

Watara Supervision

The Watara Supervision was released in 1992 in an attempt to compete with the Nintendo Game Boy. The first model is designed very much like the Game Boy, but it's gray and the screen is a bit bigger. The second model is made with a hinge in the middle and can be bent slightly to provide greater comfort for the user. While the system enjoys a simple level of success, it never affects the sale of Nintendo or Sega. The supervision was redesigned for the last time as "The Magnum". Released in limited numbers was roughly equivalent to Pocket Game Boy. It is available in three colors: yellow, green and gray. Watara designed many of the games themselves, but received third party support, especially from Sachen.

The TV adapter is available in PAL and NTSC formats that can transfer the black and white palette Supervision into 4 colors, similar in the case of Super Game Boy from Nintendo.

Hartung Game Master

The Hartung Game Master is an unknown handheld released at an unknown point in the early 1990s. The graphics are much lower than most of his contemporaries, similar in complexity to the Atari 2600. It is available in black, white, and purple, and is often branded by distributors, such as Delplay, Videojet and Virella.

The exact number of released games is unknown, but probably around 20. This system is most common in Europe and Australia.

The late 1990s

At the moment, the lack of significant development in the Nintendo product line begins to allow more sophisticated systems such as Neo Geo Pocket Color and WonderSwan Color to be developed.

Sega Nomad

Nomad was released in October 1995 in North America alone. This release lasts five years into the Genesis market range, with a library of more than 500 Genesis games. According to former head of research and development of Sega of America Joe Miller, Nomad is not meant to be a replacement for Game Gear and believes that there is little planning from Sega Japan for new handheld devices. Sega supports five different consoles: Saturn, Genesis, Game Gear, Pico, and Master System, as well as Sega CDs and 32X add-ons. In Japan, Mega Drive was never successful and Saturn was more successful than Sony's PlayStation, so Sega Enterprises CEO Hayao Nakayama decided to focus on Saturn. In 1999, Nomad was sold for less than a third of its original price.

Game Boy Pocket

The Game Boy Pocket is a redesigned version of the original Game Boy that has the same features. The album was released in 1996. In particular, this variation is smaller and lighter. It comes in seven different colors; red, yellow, green, black, clear, silver, blue, and pink. It has room for two AAA batteries, which provides about 10 hours of game play. The screen is converted to a true black-and-white look, rather than the original Game Boy's "pea soup" monochromatic display. Although, like its predecessor, Game Boy Pocket does not have a backlight to allow play in dark areas, this mainly increases pixel visibility and response time (mostly eliminates ghosting).

Another notable enhancement other than the original Game Boy is a black-and-white display screen, rather than the green look of the original Game Boy, which also features better response times for less blurry during movement. Game Boy Pocket takes two AAA batteries compared to four AA batteries for about ten hours of play. The first Game Boy Pocket model did not have an LED to indicate the battery level, but the feature was added due to a public request. Game Boy Pocket is not a new software platform and plays the same software as the original Game Boy model.

GameGames Game.com

The Game.com (pronounced in TV commercials as "com games" instead of "dot com games", and not capitalized in marketing materials) is a handheld gaming console released by Tiger Electronics in September 1997. It featured many new ideas for consoles handheld and aimed at older target audiences, PDA-style features and functionality such as touch screen and stylus. However, Tiger hopes it will also challenge the Nintendo Game Boy and gain followers among young players as well. Unlike other handheld game consoles, the first game.com console includes two slots for game cartridges, which will not happen again until Zodiac Tapwave, DS and DS Lite, and can be connected to a 14.4 kbit/s modem. The next model has only one cartridge slot.

Game Boy Color

The Game Boy Color (also referred to as GBC or CGB) is the successor of the Nintendo Game Boy and was released on October 21, 1998, in Japan and in November of the same year in the United States. It features a color screen, and is slightly larger than a Pocket Game Boy. This processor is twice as fast as the Game Boy and has twice as much memory. It also has an infrared communication port for wireless connecting that does not appear in newer versions of the Game Boy, such as Game Boy Advance.

The Game Boy Color is the response to pressure from game developers to new systems, because they feel that Game Boy, even in its latest incarnation, Game Boy Pocket, is not enough. The resulting product is backward compatible, the first for the handheld console system, and utilizes a large library of games and a large installed base of its predecessor system. This is becoming a key feature of the Game Boy line, as it allows each new launch to begin with a library that is significantly larger than its competitors. On March 31, 2005, Game Boy and Game Boy Color combined to sell 118.69 million units worldwide.

The console is capable of displaying up to 56 different colors simultaneously on the screen from its palette of 32,768, and can add a four-colored shade to a game that has been developed for the original Game Boy. It can also provide sprites and separate background colors, for a total of more than four colors.

Color Neo Geo Pocket

Neo Geo Pocket Color (or NGPC) was released in 1999 in Japan, and later that year in the United States and Europe. It is a 16-bit handheld color game console designed by SNK, a maker of Neo Geo home consoles and an arcade machine. It came after the original Neo Geo Pocket monochrome handheld, which debuted in 1998 in Japan.

In 2000 after the purchase of SNK by Japanese manufacturer Pachinko Aruze, Neo Geo Pocket Color was dropped from the US and European markets, purportedly due to commercial failure.

This system looks good on the way to being successful in the US. It's more successful than any Game Boy competitor since the Gear Sega Game, but has been hurt by several factors, such as the lack of SNK communications with third-party developers, and the anticipation of Game Boy Advance. The decision to send US games in a cardboard box in a cost-cutting movement rather than a hard plastic case that releases Japan and Europe sent may also have hurt US sales.

Wonderswan Color

The WonderSwan Color is a handheld game console designed by Bandai. The album was released on December 9, 2000, in Japan, Although WonderSwan Color is slightly larger and heavier (7 mm and 2 g) than the original WonderSwan, the color version featuring 512 kB of RAM and a larger color LCD screen. In addition, WonderSwan Color is compatible with the original WonderSwan game library.

Prior to the release of WonderSwan, Nintendo had a monopoly in the Japanese game games market. After the release of WonderSwan Color, Bandai took about 8% of the market share in Japan partly because of its low price of 6800 yen (about US $ 65). Another reason for WonderSwan's success in Japan is the fact that Bandai managed to get a deal with Square to port the original Final Fantasy Famicom game with improved graphics and controls. However, with the popularity of Game Boy Advance and reconciliation between Square and Nintendo, WonderSwan Color and its successors, Swancrystal quickly lost its competitive edge.

Beginning 2000s

The 2000s experienced a great leap in innovation, especially in the second half with the release of DS and PSP.

Game Boy Advance

In 2001, Nintendo released Game Boy Advance (GBA or AGB), which added two shoulder buttons, a larger screen, and more computing power than Game Boy Color.

The design was revised two years later when Game Boy Advance SP (GBA SP), a more concise version, was released. SP has a "clamshell" design (folding open and closed, like a laptop computer), as well as a display of frontlit colors and rechargeable batteries. Although the form factor is smaller, the screen remains the same size as the original. In 2005, Game Boy Micro was released. This revision sacrifices screen size and backwards compatibility with previous Game Boys for dramatic reductions in total size and brighter bright light screens. New SP models with backlight screens are released in some areas around the same time.

Along with Nintendo GameCube, GBA also introduced the concept of "connectivity": using a handheld system as a console controller. A number of games use this feature, especially Animal Crossing , Pac-Man Vs. , Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles , The Legend Zelda: Four Swords Adventures , The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker , Metroid Prime , and Sonic Adventure 2: The Battle .

As of December 31, 2007, GBA, GBA SP, and Game Boy Micro combined have sold 80.72 million units worldwide.

Game Park 32

The original GP32 was released in 2001 by a South Korean company, Game Park, a few months after the launch of Game Boy Advance. It features 32-bit CPU, 133Ã, MHz processor, MP3 player and Divx, and e-book reader. The SmartMedia card is used for storage, and can store up to 128mb of anything downloaded via USB cable from the PC. GP32 was redesigned in 2003. A bright-screen was added and a new version called GP32 FLU (Front Light Unit). In the summer of 2004, another redesign, GP32 BLU, was made, and added a backlight display. This handheld version is planned to be released outside of South Korea; in Europe, and released for example in Spain (VirginPlay is a distributor). Although not a commercial success at the level with mainstream handhelds (only 30,000 units sold), it was eventually used primarily as a platform for user-generated applications and other system emulators, popular with more technically advanced developers and users.

N-Gage

Nokia released N-Gage in 2003. It was designed as a combination of MP3 players, mobile phones, PDAs, radios, and gaming devices. The system received many critics accusing defects in its physical design and layout, including a vertically oriented screen and the removal requirements of the battery to replace the game cartridges. The most famous of these is "sidetalking", or the act of placing speakers and receivers on the edge of the device instead of one of the flat sides, causing the user to appear as if they were talking to a taco.

The N-Gage QD was later released to address the original design flaws. However, certain features available on the original N-Gage, including MP3 playback, FM radio reception, and USB connectivity have been removed.

The second generation N-Gage was launched on April 3, 2008 in the form of services for selected Nokia Smartphones.

Cybiko

Cybiko is a Russian handheld computer that was introduced in May 2000 by David Yang's company and designed for teen viewers, featuring its own two-way radio text message system. It has more than 430 "official" applications and freeware applications. Because of the text messaging system, the QWERTY keyboard features are used with the stylus. MP3 player add-ons are made for SmartMedia card units and readers. The company stopped producing the unit after two versions of the product and only a few years in the market. Cybikos can communicate with each other up to a maximum distance of 300 meters (0.19 miles). Some Cybikos can chat with each other in the wireless chat room.

Cybiko Classic:

There are two models from Classical Cybiko. Visually, the only difference is that the original version has a power switch on the side, while the updated version uses the "escape" key for power management. Internally, the differences between the two models are in the internal memory, and the firmware location.

Cybiko Xtreme:

Cybiko Xtreme is a second generation Cybiko handheld device. It features a variety of improvements over the original Cybiko, such as faster processors, more RAM, more ROMs, new operating systems, new keyboard layouts and case designs, greater wireless reach, microphone, enhanced audio output, and sizes smaller.

Tapwave Zodiac

In 2003, Tapwave released the Zodiac. It's designed to be a hybrid PDA handheld game console. It's supported photos, movies, music, internet, and documents. Zodiac uses a special version of Palm OS 5, 5.2T, which supports dedicated game buttons and graphics chips. Two versions available, Zodiac 1 and 2, differ in memory and appearance. The Zodiac line ended in July 2005 when Tapwave declared bankruptcy.

Mid 2000

Nintendo DS

Nintendo DS was released in November 2004. Among its new features is the merger of two screens, touch screen, wireless connectivity, and microphone port. Like the Game Boy Advance SP, the DS has a clamshell design, with two screens aligned vertically on either side of the hinge.

The lower DS display is touch sensitive, designed to be pressed with a dedicated stylus, user finger or "thumb pad" (small plastic pads attached to the wrist strap of the console, which can be affixed to the thumb to simulate the analog stick). The more traditional controls include four face buttons, two shoulder buttons, D-pad buttons, and "Start" and "Select" buttons. The console also features online capabilities via Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection and an ad-hoc wireless network for multiplayer games with up to sixteen players. It's compatible with all Game Boy Advance games, but not games designed for Game Boy or Game Boy Color.

In January 2006, Nintendo revealed the latest version of the DS: Nintendo DS Lite (released on March 2, 2006, in Japan) with an updated form factor, smaller (42% smaller and 21% lighter than the original Nintendo DS) cleaner design, longer battery life, and a brighter, high-quality display, with adjustable brightness. It can also connect wirelessly with the Nintendo Wii console.

In October 2008, Nintendo announced the Nintendo DSi, with a 3.25-inch screen and two larger integrated cameras. It has an SD card storage slot in place of the Game Boy Advance slot, plus an internal flash memory to store downloaded games. The album was released on November 1, 2008, in Japan, and was released in North America April 5, 2009, and April 3, 2009, in Europe.

As of December 31, 2009, the Nintendo DS, Nintendo DS Lite and Nintendo DSi combined have sold 125,130,000 units worldwide. In 2010 Nintendo released a larger version of the DSi, called DSi XL.

Game King

GameKing is a handheld game console released by China's TimeTop company in 2004. The first model while its original in design owes huge to Nintendo Game Boy Advance. The second model, GameKing 2, is believed to be inspired by Sony's PSP. This model is also enhanced with a backlight display, with annoying background transparencies (which can be removed by opening the console). The color model, GameKing 3 seems to exist, but only made for a short time and difficult to buy outside Asia. Whether intentional or not, GameKing has the most primitive graphics of any handheld released since Game Boy in 1989.

Because many games have the simplicity of "old school", this device has developed a small cult. Gameking speakers are loud enough and the sophisticated recurrent soundtrack of the cartridge (taken from other sources) seems to contradict its primitive graphics.

TimeTop creates at least one enhancement that is sometimes labeled as "GameKing", but when it appears to have more advanced graphics, it is basically an emulator that plays a handful of multi-carts (like GB Station Light II). Outside Asia (mainly China) but Gameking remains relatively unheard of because of the popular popularity of Japanese handhelds such as those manufactured by Nintendo and Sony.

PlayStation Portable

PlayStation Portable (officially abbreviated as PSP) is a handheld game console manufactured and marketed by Sony Computer Entertainment. The console development was first announced during E3 2003, and was unveiled on May 11, 2004, at Sony's press conference prior to E3 2004. The system was released in Japan on December 12, 2004, in North America on March 24, 2005, and in the PAL region on September 1 2005.

PlayStation Portable is the first handheld video game console that uses optical disc format, Universal Media Disc (UMD), for the distribution of games. UMD Video discs with movies and television shows were also released. The PSP uses the Sony/SanDisk Memory Stick Pro Duo format as its primary storage media. Other distinguishing features of this console include a large display screen, multi-media capabilities, and connectivity with PlayStation 3, other PSPs, and the Internet.

Gizmondo

Gizmondo Tiger came out in the UK during March 2005 and released in the US during October 2005. It is designed to play music, movies and games, has a camera to capture and store photos, and has GPS functionality. It also has Internet capabilities. It has a phone to send text and multimedia messages. Email was promised at launch, but was never released before Gizmondo, and finally Tiger Telematics, a downfall in early 2006. Users get a second, never-released service pack, hoping to find the functionality. However, Service Pack B does not enable e-mail functionality.

GP2X Series

GP2X is a handheld video game console and an open-source media player made by GamePark Holdings of South Korea, designed for homebrew developers as well as commercial developers. This is usually used to run emulators for game consoles such as Neo-Geo, Genesis, Master System, Gear Game, Amstrad CPC, Commodore 64, Nintendo Entertainment System, TurboGrafx-16, MAME and others.

The new version called "F200" was released October 30, 2007, and features a touch screen, among other changes. Followed by GP2X Wiz (2009) and GP2X Caanoo (2010).

End of the 2000s

Dingoo

The Dingoo A-320 is a micro-sized handheld game that resembles Game Boy Micro and is open for game development. It also supports music, radio, emulator (8 bit and 16 bit) and video playing capabilities with its own interface like PSP. There is also an onboard radio and recording program. Currently available in two colors - white and black. Other similar products from the same manufacturer are Dingoo A-330 (also known as Geimi), Dingoo A-360, Dingoo A-380 (available in pink, white and black) and the recently released Dingoo A-320E.

PSP Go

PSP Go is a version of the PlayStation Portable handheld game console manufactured by Sony. It was released on October 1, 2009, in the Americas and Europe, and on November 1st in Japan. It was revealed before E3 2009 through Sony's Vore Qore service. Although the design is very different from other PSPs, it is not meant to replace the PSP 3000, which Sony continues to create, sell, and support. On April 20, 2011, the manufacturer announced that the PSP Go will be discontinued so they can concentrate on the PlayStation Vita. Sony then said that only the European and Japanese versions were cut, and the console would remain available in the US. Unlike previous PSP models, the PSP Go does not feature a UMD drive, but has 16 GB of internal memory to store games, videos, pictures and other media. It can be extended up to 32 GB using a Memory Stick Micro (M2) flash card. Also unlike previous PSP models, the rechargeable PSP Go battery can not be removed or replaced by the user. The unit is 43% lighter and 56% smaller than the original PSP-1000, and 16% lighter and 35% smaller than the PSP-3000. It has a 3.8 "480 ÃÆ'â €" 272 LCD (compared to a larger 4.3 "480 ÃÆ'â €" 272 pixel LCD on the previous PSP model). The screen slid up to open the main control. The overall shape and sliding mechanism are similar to Sony's mylo COM-2 internet device.

Pandora

Pandora is a UMPC/PDA handheld/game console designed to take advantage of existing open source software and be a target for home-brew development. It runs a full Linux distribution, and functions like a small PC with game controls. It was developed by OpenPandora, which consists of former distributors and community members of GP32 and GP2X handhelds.

OpenPandora began accepting pre-orders for one batch of 4000 devices in November 2008 and after production delays began shipping to customers on May 21, 2010.

FC-16 Go

FC-16 Go is a portable Super NES hardware clone manufactured by Yobo Gameware in 2009. It comes with a 3.5 inch screen, two wireless controllers, and a CRT cable that allows cartridges to be played on a television screen. Unlike other Super NES clone consoles, it has a region tab that only allows North American NTSC cartridges to play. The revision will feature stereo sound output, larger shoulder buttons, and slightly rearranged buttons, power, and A/V output layout.

2010s

Nintendo 3DS

The Nintendo 3DS is the successor of the Nintendo DS handheld. The autostereoscopic device is capable of projecting a stereoscopic three-dimensional effect without the need for active shutter or passive polarized glasses, which is required by most current 3D televisions to display 3D effects. 3DS was released in Japan on February 26, 2011; in Europe on March 25, 2011; in North America on March 27, 2011, and in Australia on March 31, 2011. The system has backward compatibility with Nintendo DS series software, including Nintendo DSi software. It also has an online service called Nintendo eShop, which was launched on June 6, 2011, in North America and June 7, 2011, in Europe and Japan, allowing owners to download games, demos, apps and information on releases of movies and games that will come.. On November 24, 2011, the limited edition Legend of Zelda 25th Anniversary 3DS was released which contained a unique Cosmo Black unit adorned with the associated Zelda Gold Legend, along with a copy of The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time 3D.

There are also other models including Nintendo 2DS and New Nintendo 3DS, the latter with a larger (XL/LL) variant, such as the original Nintendo 3DS. The 2DS also has a successor, the New Nintendo 2DS XL.

Xperia Play

Sony Ericsson Xperia PLAY is a handheld gaming console smartphone manufactured by Sony Ericsson with the brand of Xperia smartphones. The device runs Android 2.3 Gingerbread, and is the first to be part of the PlayStation Certified program which means it can play PlayStation Suite games. This device is a horizontal slide phone with its original form that resembles the Xperia X10 while the slider below it resembles a PSP Go slider. The D-pad feature shifters on the left side, a set of standard PlayStation (,, and) buttons on the right, rectangular touchpad in the middle, start and select buttons in lower right corner, menu buttons in lower left corner, and two shoulder buttons L and R) on the back of the device. The device is powered by Qualcomm's Snapdragon 1 GHz processor, Qualcomm Adreno 205 GPU, and features 4.0-inch (100 mm) (854 × 480) screen, 8 megapixel camera, 512 MB RAM, 8 GB internal storage and connector micro-USB. It supports a microSD card, versus a Memory Stick variant used on the PSP console. The device was officially announced for the first time in a Super Bowl ad on Sunday, February 6, 2011. On February 13, 2011, at Mobile World Congress (MWC) 2011, it was announced that the device will be shipped globally in March 2011, with a launch line of around 50 title of software.

PlayStation Vita

PlayStation Vita is the successor to the Sony PlayStation Portable (PSP) Handheld series. It was released in Japan on December 17, 2011 and in Europe, Australia, North and South America on February 22, 2012.

This handheld includes two analog sticks, a 5-inch (130 mm) multi-touch OLED/LCD capacitive touch screen, and supports Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and optional 3G. Internally, the PS Vita features 4 core ARM Cortex-A9 MPCore processors and 4 SGX543MP4 graphics processing unit cores, as well as LiveArea software as its main user interface, which successfully XrossMediaBar.

This device is fully backward compatible with PlayStation Portable games that are digitally released on the PlayStation Network via the PlayStation Store. However, the title of PSone Classics and PS2 is not compatible at the time of major public release in Japan. Dual analog stick Vita will be supported on selected PSP games. The graph for PSP release will be enhanced, with a smoothing filter to reduce pixelation.

Razer Switchblade

The Razer Switchblade is a pocket-sized prototype like the Nintendo DSi XL designed to run Windows 7, featuring a multi-touch LCD display and an adaptive keyboard that changes keys depending on the game you play. That is also to display the full mouse.

It was first launched on January 5, 2011, at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES). Switchblade won the Best of CES 2011 People's Voice award. Since then it has been in development and release date is still unknown. The device may have been suspended indefinitely.

Nvidia Shield

Project Shield is a handheld system developed by Nvidia announced at CES 2013. It runs on Android 4.2 and uses Nvidia Tegra 4 SoC. The hardware includes a 5 inch multitouch screen with support for HD graphics (720p). The console allows for streaming games running on a compatible desktop PC, or laptop.

Nintendo Switch

Source of the article : Wikipedia