A stretcher , litter , or pram is a tool used to move patients who require medical care. The basic type (cot or litter) must be carried by two or more persons. Wheeled wheeled lanterns (known as strut, trolley, bed or train) are often equipped with high altitude skeletons, wheels, tracks, or skids. In American English, wheeled litters are referred to as gurney .
Stretcher is mainly used in situations of acute care outside the hospital by emergency medical services (EMS), military, and search and rescue personnel. In medical forensics the right arm of the corpse was left hanging on a stretcher to let the paramedics know it was not an injured patient. They are also used to hold prisoners during deadly injection in the United States.
Video Stretcher
History
The early stretcher, possibly made of woven above the frame, appears in the manuscript of c.1380. Simple litters are common in the military in the mid-20th century.
Maps Stretcher
Gurney
Generally spelled Gurney, but also guerney or girney. The first use of the term for wheeled litters is unclear, but it is believed to be derived from the Pacific Coast slang. Its use in the context of a hospital was established in the 1930s.
Classification
The EMS stretcher used in the ambulance has wheels that facilitate transport on the sidewalk, and has a key inside the ambulance and rope to secure the patient during transport. The integral plug on the stretcher is locked into the hook popping up inside the ambulance to prevent movement during transport. A modern sedan may also have a battery-powered hydraulic to raise and shrink legs automatically. This facilitates workload on EMS personnel, who are statistically at high risk of back injury from repetitive recurrence and decreased patient. Special bariatric stretcher is also available, featuring a wider frame and higher weight capacity for heavier patients. Stretchers are usually covered with disposable sheet or wrapping, and are cleaned after each use to prevent the spread of infection. Shelves, hooks and poles for medical equipment and intravenous drugs are also often included.
The standard litter has some adjustments. Beds can be raised or lowered to facilitate patient transfer. The head of the stretcher may be removed so that the patient is in a sitting position (especially important for those with respiratory distress) or lowering the average for CPR, or for patients with suspected spinal injuries to be transported on the spinal plank. The legs can be raised to a position called the Trendelenburg position, indicated for patients who are in shock.
Some manufacturers are starting to offer hybrid devices that incorporate the function of litters, recliners, and treatment or procedural desks into a single device.
Basic stretcher
- Simple stretcher is the most basic type. They are lightweight and portable, made of canvas or other synthetic material that hangs between two poles or a tubular aluminum frame. Many are kept as disaster supplies and often are military equipment. The folding louvers, also known as the upper deck or folded stretcher, are similar in design with a simple stretcher, but have one or more articulated hinged points to let the stretcher be compressed into a shape which is more concise for easier handling or storage. Some models even allow the patient to sit upright in a Fowler or Semi-Fowler position.
- The spoon spoon is used to lift the patient, for example from the soil to an ambulance lighter or to the spinal board. The two ends of the stretcher can be separated from each other, dividing the stretcher into two lengthwise sections. In order to load the patient, one or both ends of the stretcher are removed, the part placed under the patient from both sides and tied back together. In patients with obesity, there is the possibility of accidentally pinching the patient's back when closing the stretcher, so care must be taken so as not to hurt them while performing this procedure.
- The litter , also known as the rescue basket or the Stokes basket , is designed to be used where there are obstacles to movement or other hazards: for example, in limited space, in slopes, in forested areas. Usually shaped to accommodate adults in a position facing up and used in search and rescue operations. The man is tied into a basket, making safe evacuations possible. Trash has raised its side and often includes a removable head/body cover for patient protection. Once the person is secured in the trash can, the trash may be wheeled, carried by hand, mounted on the ATV, pulled behind skiing, snowmobile or horse, lifted or lowered by a high-angle rope, or lifted by helicopter.
- A Reeves Sleeve , SKED, or "flexible stretcher" is a flexible stretcher that is often supported longitudinally by wood or plastic boards. This is a kind of tarp with a handle. This is primarily used to move patients through confined spaces, for example. , narrow aisles, or to lift obese patients. Reeves stretcher has six handles, allowing some rescuers to help release.
- The WauK Board is also designed for use in small spaces. The patient is secured to the board with a strap. It has two wheels and a folding footrest at one end, allowing the patient to be moved by one person, just like with a hand truck to move the cargo. It can also be used at various angles, making it easier to traverse obstacles, such as narrow stairs.
Wheeled carrier
For an ambulance, a folded wheeled litter, or gurney, is a kind of litter on a high-voltage wheel frame. Usually, the integral lug on the stretcher is locked into the hook popping up inside the ambulance to prevent movement during transport. Usually covered with disposable sheets and cleaned after each patient to prevent the spread of infection. The key value is to facilitate the transfer of patients and sheets to a fixed bed or table upon arrival at the emergency department. Both of these types may have straps to secure the patient.
Other stretcher types
- The Nimier stretcher ( brancard Nimier ) is a kind of litter that was used by French soldiers during World War I. The victims were placed on their backs but in " sitting position ", (ie, thighs perpendicular to the stomach). Thus, the litters are shorter and can spin in the trenches. This type of litter is rarely seen today.
See also
- Defeat movement
- Hospital beds
- Trash (lifesaver)
- Spinal board
- Battlefield Drugs
References
External links
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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