Boxer's fracture

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A boxer fracture is a 5-handed metacarpal fracture near the knuckle. It is sometimes used to refer to a 4th metacarpal fracture as well. Symptoms include depressed pain and knuckles.

Classically, it happens after someone hits an object with a closed fist. The knuckle is then bent toward the palm of the hand. Diagnosis is generally suspected based on symptoms and confirmed by X-rays.

For most fractures with an angulation of less than 70 degrees, recording of pal and tensor bandages produces similar results with splinting reductions. In those who have more than 70 degrees of angulation or where the broken finger is rotated, reduction and separation may be recommended.

They represent about one-fifth of the hand fractures. They are more common in men than women. Short-term and long-term results are generally good. Knuckle, however, usually remains somewhat flawed.

Video Boxer's fracture

Terminology

Since this is an everyday term, the text and medical dictionaries do not universally approve the right meaning. Various authorities claim that a "boxer" fracture means a special break of a second metacarpal bone or a third metacarpal bone, with a "bar space fracture" specific to the fourth metacarpal bone or fifth metacarpal bone. Although some authors state that boxer fractures and bar room fractures are different terms that represent injuries to different bones, this distinction seems to have been lost and most medical professionals now describe metacarpal fractures as "boxer fractures".

Maps Boxer's fracture

Signs and symptoms

The symptoms are pain and pain in the specific location of the hand, which corresponds to the metacarpal bone around the knuckles. When a fracture occurs, there may be a broken or emerging sensation. There will be swelling of the hands with changes in color or bruises in the affected area. Abrassi or hand lacerations are also possible. Each finger may be parallel, and the finger movement may be limited and painful.

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Cause

A metacarpal fracture is usually caused by a clashing fist with a hard and immobile object, such as a skull or wall. When a blow affects an improper shape, force occurs at an angle toward the palm of the hand, creating a dorsal bend in the bone, eventually causing a fracture when the bone is bent too far.

When a boxer strikes in the right shape, the second and third metacarpal knuckles are linearly parallel to the radius articulated, followed linearly by the humerus. Because linear articulation is linear, this force can run freely in these joints and bones and disappear unharmed. Therefore, a second or third metacarpal fracture is rare, with a fourth and fifth metacarpar fracture comprising most metacarpal fractures.

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Diagnosis

Diagnosis by physician examination is the most common, often confirmed by x-rays. X-rays are used to display fractures and fracture angulations. CT scans can be done in very rare cases to give a more detailed picture.

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Prevention

Boxers and other combat athletes regularly use gloves and boxing gloves to help stabilize the hand, greatly reducing the pain and risk of injury during a collision. Proper form of punching is the most important factor to prevent this type of fracture.

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Treatment

Ice is applied to relieve pain and swelling. Any open wounds are cleaned to avoid infection.

For most fractures with an angulation of less than 70 degrees, recording of pal and tensor bandages produces similar results with splinting reductions.

In rare cases, surgery may be necessary to place pins or plates in the bone to hold the pieces in place.

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Prognosis

The prognosis for this fracture is generally good, with total healing time not exceeding 12 weeks. The first two weeks will show a significantly reduced overall swelling, with the first increase in spinning ability. The ability to extend fingers in any direction seems slower. Loud casts are rarely needed, and soft cast or splints can be removed for short periods of time to allow cleaning and drying of the skin under the splint. Injury pain varies from person to person because most injuries can not be generally generalized. Depending on each program of painkillers or narcotics will be enough. 5 to 15 percent muscle atrophy can be expected, with a 4-month rehabilitation period given adequate therapy. In the lightest case, full rehabilitation status can be achieved within 3 to 4 months.

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Epidemiology

Hand and wrist injuries are reported to cause 15 to 20 percent of emergency room injuries, and metacarpal fractures represent a large number of such injuries. This type of hand injury is most common in men aged fifteen to thirty-five, and the fifth metacarpal is most commonly affected.

Men are almost fifty per cent more likely to maintain fractures than a punch mechanism than women. A deliberate male-to-blow wound is correlated predominantly with social deprivation, while a deliberate female blow injury shows more correlation with psychiatric disorders.

Approximately 3.7 male hand injuries, per 1000, per year, and 1.3 female hand injuries, per 1000, per year, have been reported. The general mechanism of injury is gender specific. Although fiscal costs are not available, it is certain that the cost is significant per individual, depending on the cost of emergency care, immobilization, surgery, advanced doctor visits, etc. Apart from the fiscal impact of loss and/or limited employment.

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References

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External links

• Fraktur Boxer (Wheeless 'Textbook of Orthopaedics)

Source of the article : Wikipedia